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GIS 开发库 GeoTools 介绍 GeoTools 开发环境搭建 GeoTools 读取Shapefile文件
若还没有进行阅读，建议从之前的文章读起。下面本文将讲解如何使用GeoTools读取KML文件。
开发环境
产品：GeoTools
版本：34-SNAPSHOT
时间：2025年
IDE：IDEA2020.3
1. 安装依赖
确保pom.xml文件中已经配置gt-xml、gt-xsd-kml依赖模块并且已经使用Maven下载。在当前例子中使用的GeoTools版本并没有网上的gt-kml模块，由于KML文件属于XML文件的一种，所以需要gt-xml以及gt-xsd-kml模块来解析KML文件。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
<artifactId>gt-xml</artifactId>
<version>${geotools.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.geotools.xsd</groupId>
<artifactId>gt-xsd-kml</artifactId>
<version>${geotools.version}</version>
</dependency>
2. 读取KML
新建ReadKML类用来读取KML文件，在main或者自定义方法中处理逻辑。
public static void readKml() throws IOException {
String kmlLocation = "E:\data\data\vector\KML\四姑娘山三峰.kml";
try {
// 文件输入流
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(kmlLocation);
// KML 解析器
Parser parser = new Parser(new KMLConfiguration());
SimpleFeature simpleFeature = (SimpleFeature) parser.parse(inputStream);
// 获取要素信息
Collection<SimpleFeature> placemarks = (Collection<SimpleFeature>) simpleFeature.getAttribute("Feature");
// System.out.println("simpleFeature placemarks~~~~~~："+placemarks);
// 遍历要素集
for (SimpleFeature sf : placemarks ){
// 获取几何对象信息
Geometry geometry = (Geometry) sf.getDefaultGeometry();
System.out.println("simpleFeature~~~~~~getDefaultGeometry："+geometry);
// 获取坐标系
CoordinateReferenceSystem crs = sf.getFeatureType().getCoordinateReferenceSystem();
LOGGER.info("KML数据坐标系："+crs);
// 遍历属性信息
for (Property property:sf.getProperties()){
System.out.println("propertyName："+property.getName()+" Value~~~~："+property.getValue());
}
}
} catch (IOException | SAXException | ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
以下是一个测试用的KML文件用例：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<kml xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2">
<Document>
<name>Track 登顶四姑娘山三峰 :wikiloc.com</name>
<visibility>1</visibility>
<LookAt>
<longitude>102.8793075</longitude>
<latitude>31.0426283</latitude>
<altitude>0</altitude>
<heading>3</heading>
<tilt>66</tilt>
<range>15000</range>
</LookAt>
<StyleMap id="m1367020">
<Pair>
<key>normal</key>
<styleUrl>#n1367020</styleUrl>
</Pair>
<Pair>
<key>highlight</key>
<styleUrl>#h1367020</styleUrl>
</Pair>
</StyleMap>
<Style id="h1367020">
<IconStyle>
<Icon>
<href>http://s1.wklcdn.com/wikiloc/images/pictograms/ge/1.png</href>
</Icon>
</IconStyle>
<BalloonStyle>
<text>$[description]</text>
</BalloonStyle>
</Style>
<Style id="lineStyle">
<LineStyle>
<color>f03399ff</color>
<width>4</width>
</LineStyle>
</Style>
<Style id="n1367020">
<LabelStyle>
<scale>0</scale>
</LabelStyle>
<BalloonStyle>
<text>$[description]</text>
</BalloonStyle>
<Icon>
<href>http://s1.wklcdn.com/wikiloc/images/pictograms/ge/1.png</href>
</Icon>
</Style>
<Style id="waypointStyle">
<IconStyle>
<Icon>
<href>http://sc.wklcdn.com/wikiloc/images/pictograms/ge/wpt.png</href>
</Icon>
</IconStyle>
<BalloonStyle>
<text>$[description]</text>
</BalloonStyle>
</Style>
<Folder>
<name>Trails</name>
<visibility>1</visibility>
<Folder>
<name>登顶四姑娘山三峰</name>
<visibility>1</visibility>
<Placemark>
<name>Path</name>
<visibility>1</visibility>
<LookAt>
<longitude>102.8862617</longitude>
<latitude>31.052715</latitude>
<altitude>0</altitude>
<heading>0</heading>
<tilt>0.00779126500014642</tilt>
<range>5250.96911517065</range>
</LookAt>
<Style>
<IconStyle>
<color>ffffffff</color>
<scale>1</scale>
<Icon>
<href/>
</Icon>
</IconStyle>
<LabelStyle>
<color>ffffffff</color>
<scale>1</scale>
</LabelStyle>
<LineStyle>
<color>f00000ff</color>
<width>4</width>
</LineStyle>
<PolyStyle>
<color>ffffffff</color>
<fill>1</fill>
<outline>1</outline>
</PolyStyle>
</Style>
<LineString>
<altitudeMode>clampToGround</altitudeMode>
<coordinates>
102.8527267,31.0061667,3255.400146
102.8530967,31.00604,3254.899902
102.8537967,31.0060883,3256.899902
102.8547817,31.0064133,3270.100098
102.8558183,31.0071067,3271.100098
102.8575333,31.00785,3271.699951
102.8588867,31.0093867,3278.899902
102.8599,31.0099067,3281.5
102.8605217,31.01093,3289.899902
102.8613217,31.0128967,3298.899902
102.863045,31.014905,3307.199951
102.8638983,31.016515,3313.100098
102.8639067,31.01642,3306.699951
102.86423,31.0168667,3317.199951
102.8645867,31.017765,3330.000244
102.8655283,31.0190083,3314.100342
102.86643,31.0211683,3324.100098
102.8665367,31.0217183,3321.300049
102.86754,31.0228467,3328.399902
102.8682333,31.023345,3331.699951
102.868495,31.02422,3338.399902
102.86873,31.0245367,3336.199951
102.8697533,31.0251667,3343.100098
102.870035,31.0256033,3345.800049
102.86997,31.02594,3350.099854
102.870195,31.0265117,3357.800049
102.8706917,31.0273617,3360.300049
102.8717183,31.0284717,3374
102.8735067,31.0298317,3377.699951
102.8744233,31.0310767,3382.300049
102.8748283,31.0321567,3378.699951
102.8747833,31.0328433,3391.800049
102.8756183,31.0336933,3406.399902
102.875455,31.034915,3408
102.8754967,31.0361467,3406.399902
102.8759333,31.037405,3412
102.8763117,31.0379283,3415.999756
102.87597,31.0385567,3416.199951
102.8757067,31.0415767,3399.100098
102.87552,31.0419067,3415.999756
102.8758433,31.0423217,3424.100098
102.8762517,31.0425117,3439.200195
102.8762617,31.04284,3444
102.8764567,31.0430117,3450.199951
102.8766917,31.0436783,3461.399902
102.8771717,31.0439417,3481.399902
102.876935,31.04407,3486.899902
102.8771133,31.04414,3494.399902
102.8772133,31.0444317,3502.300049
102.8782383,31.0450583,3541.100098
102.878835,31.045955,3559.100098
102.8790667,31.0470883,3574.699951
102.8792533,31.0472867,3574.5
102.8790733,31.04746,3574.199951
102.8791133,31.0475933,3575.300049
102.879595,31.0479917,3586
102.8803283,31.0490267,3626.399902
102.8804683,31.0489483,3627.600098
102.880595,31.049135,3626.800049
102.8807983,31.0491317,3629.199951
102.8807333,31.0493933,3629.800049
102.88088,31.04944,3629.100098
102.880855,31.049585,3628.699951
102.8811167,31.0496783,3629
102.8812417,31.049575,3629.600098
102.8814083,31.049755,3632.600098
102.881335,31.0500367,3634.5
102.8811333,31.0499417,3638.800049
102.88138,31.05021,3638.699951
102.8812683,31.0501417,3639
102.8813417,31.0499933,3637.499756
102.8813383,31.0501217,3642.600098
102.8822067,31.050155,3652.599854
102.8823317,31.050305,3655.699951
102.8827433,31.0501883,3663.399902
102.882945,31.0503983,3691
102.8835383,31.0504067,3708.600098
102.883635,31.0504717,3713.199707
102.88357,31.0509167,3720.699951
102.8834217,31.0509483,3723.000244
102.8837983,31.0511317,3728.600342
102.8841217,31.0509617,3733
102.8840783,31.0516483,3760.400146
102.8844567,31.0517517,3780.399902
102.8844183,31.0518767,3795.699951
102.884775,31.0518117,3818.499756
102.8848583,31.0522,3863
102.885575,31.051965,3896.800049
102.88583,31.05217,3908.600098
102.885545,31.0519417,3948.100098
102.88575,31.0519467,3951.500244
102.8857867,31.0521417,3960.899902
102.8861367,31.0522567,3973.300293
102.8862617,31.052715,3985.5
102.8865033,31.0528033,3996.699707
102.8865233,31.0531233,4007.399902
102.886855,31.053565,4025.600098
102.8878733,31.0542133,4081.300049
102.888465,31.0543383,4096.399902
102.8887633,31.05476,4105.5
102.8889883,31.0546883,4115.200195
102.8891233,31.0549117,4131
102.8893483,31.0548067,4143.200195
102.8900367,31.055275,4164.200195
102.8902983,31.0563283,4190.399902
102.8902633,31.0578033,4191.899902
102.890535,31.05789,4203.200195
102.89051,31.058235,4225.799805
102.8909267,31.0584983,4262.799805
102.8911817,31.05891,4273.899902
102.8913883,31.05877,4285
102.8913233,31.0584617,4289.399902
102.89199,31.0583817,4299
102.8919,31.058545,4308.200195
102.8920433,31.05873,4319.299805
102.8924917,31.05891,4352
102.8927133,31.0588033,4365.200195
102.8930267,31.059215,4373.200195
102.89327,31.0590433,4388.899902
102.8934967,31.0592717,4391.299805
102.8934583,31.0594417,4395.899902
102.8937567,31.0595283,4406.299805
102.8940683,31.0601267,4421
102.8943233,31.06027,4429.5
102.8943667,31.0605067,4435.600098
102.8941,31.0606483,4444
102.89444,31.0607917,4452.799805
102.89331,31.0618433,4485.899902
102.893345,31.061985,4489.799805
102.8938833,31.0621483,4498.399902
102.8937483,31.0619783,4499
102.89363,31.0620033,4499.399902
102.8937967,31.062175,4499.799805
102.8943467,31.0621867,4503.899902
102.8943433,31.062095,4504.700195
102.8943767,31.0622417,4504.5
102.8948533,31.062295,4503.600098
102.8957933,31.0629667,4506.299805
102.8959517,31.0628633,4506.399902
102.89649,31.0635683,4509.799805
102.8966483,31.063565,4509.399902
102.8967717,31.0639033,4511.600098
102.8974033,31.0641033,4518.100098
102.8982783,31.0652517,4530.399902
102.8985533,31.0661067,4556.299805
102.899115,31.0666583,4589.600098
102.8990783,31.0670983,4620.700195
102.8994317,31.0674483,4636
102.8997217,31.068335,4650.799805
102.9004533,31.0686783,4657.799805
102.90056,31.0690317,4672.100098
102.9008217,31.069215,4664.5
102.9005883,31.0696883,4677.399902
102.9007033,31.0700017,4692.100098
102.9013133,31.070325,4701.100098
102.9020567,31.0710117,4716.899902
102.902175,31.0713983,4738.899902
102.9026167,31.0719533,4748
102.903125,31.0721467,4758.299805
102.9036383,31.0726467,4757.299805
102.9035233,31.072715,4757.399902
102.9036517,31.0728533,4759.5
102.9047917,31.0735717,4823.5
102.905155,31.07431,4862.299805
102.9062583,31.0745867,4891.799805
102.9065483,31.07534,4962.100098
102.906415,31.075375,4966
102.906495,31.0755583,4993.700195
102.9062583,31.0755983,4994.899902
102.9066633,31.0755817,4990.700195
102.9064633,31.0757367,5003.000488
102.9069417,31.0759117,5031.500488
102.9069833,31.0760817,5034.899902
102.9068167,31.076175,5040.100098
102.9069583,31.0762483,5041.700195
102.9070367,31.0766883,5058.5
102.906675,31.0769033,5078.899902
102.906895,31.0768783,5081.200195
102.90672,31.0772267,5096.200195
102.9071467,31.0774933,5137.5
102.9072017,31.07771,5142.200195
102.90558,31.0791683,5322.200195
102.905505,31.0793567,5341.899902
102.905815,31.0797233,5358.100098
102.9054383,31.07938,5345.500488
102.9055167,31.07932,5349.5
102.90543,31.0794,5349.100098
</coordinates>
</LineString>
</Placemark>
</Folder>
</Folder>
</Document>
</kml>
3. 读取属性结构
通过遍历要素集合对象然后获取要素属性信息。
for (SimpleFeature sf : placemarks ){
// 获取几何对象信息
Geometry geometry = (Geometry) sf.getDefaultGeometry();
// 获取坐标系
CoordinateReferenceSystem crs = sf.getFeatureType().getCoordinateReferenceSystem();
// 遍历属性信息
for (Property property:sf.getProperties()){
System.out.println("propertyName："+property.getName()+" Value~~~~："+property.getValue());
}
}
如下为北京地铁KML文件属性列表。
4. 遇到问题
使用如下官方例子读取KML文件，接口和方法与现版本存在不一致的问题。
StreamingParser解析器的参数是三个，而不是两个，其中第一个参数为new KMLConfiguration()；获取样式特征方法为style.rules().get(0)，而不是style.getRules(0)。
StreamingParser parser = new StreamingParser(new KMLConfiguration(),inputStream, KML.Placemark);
SimpleFeature simpleFeature = null;
while ((simpleFeature = (SimpleFeature) parser.parse()) != null) {
FeatureTypeStyle style = (FeatureTypeStyle) simpleFeature.getAttribute("Style");
Symbolizer[] syms = style.rules().get(0).getSymbolizers();
//assertEquals(3, syms.length);
}
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